author, editor
42
edits
Chloroethane: Difference between revisions
added dangers and refs to fatalities
(add common trade names) |
(added dangers and refs to fatalities) |
||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Chloroethane''' (also known as '''ethyl chloride''', or '''spray poppers,''' and under various trade names such as ''Maximum Impact®'' and ''Black Max®'') is a volatile organic solvent which produces rapid-onset intoxication when its vapors are inhaled. | '''Chloroethane''' (also known as '''ethyl chloride''', or '''spray poppers,''' and under various trade names such as ''Maximum Impact®'' and ''Black Max®'') is a volatile organic solvent which produces rapid-onset intoxication when its vapors are inhaled. It is toxic and lethal in high concentrations. | ||
== Background <!-- Provide background information for this drug. --> == | == Background <!-- Provide background information for this drug. --> == | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
== Risks <!-- Describe the risks of this drug. --> == | == Risks <!-- Describe the risks of this drug. --> == | ||
Chloroethane is a central nervous system depressant, and its effects are dependent on dosing. In low doses, it causes effects similar to alcohol intoxication. In higher doses, it causes shallow breathing and loss of consciousness, eventually progressing to cessation of breathing and death. It may cause vomiting, and in combination of unconsciousness may cause aspiration of vomit. | |||
=== Interactions <!-- Describe the interactions of this drug. --> === | === Interactions <!-- Describe the interactions of this drug. --> === | ||
=== Addiction <!-- Describe the addiction risk for this drug. --> === | === Addiction <!-- Describe the addiction risk for this drug. --> === | ||
| Line 29: | Line 31: | ||
== Known incidents <!-- Provide a list of links to articles describing incidents involving this drug. --> == | == Known incidents <!-- Provide a list of links to articles describing incidents involving this drug. --> == | ||
There are several documented cases of ethyl chloride fatalities in scientific literature, see for example <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Broussard |first=L. A. |last2=Broussard |first2=A. K. |last3=Pittman |first3=T. S. |last4=Lirette |first4=D. K. |date=2000-01 |title=Death due to inhalation of ethyl chloride |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10641945/ |journal=Journal of Forensic Sciences |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=223–225 |issn=0022-1198 |pmid=10641945}}</ref>, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yacoub |first=I. |last2=Robinson |first2=C. A. |last3=Simmons |first3=G. T. |last4=Hall |first4=M. |date=1993-10 |title=Death attributed to ethyl chloride |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8271788/ |journal=Journal of Analytical Toxicology |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=384–385 |doi=10.1093/jat/17.6.384 |issn=0146-4760 |pmid=8271788}}</ref>, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pascali |first=Jennifer P. |last2=Fais |first2=Paolo |last3=Viel |first3=Guido |last4=Cecchetto |first4=Giovanni |last5=Montisci |first5=Massimo |date=2019-06-11 |title=Is old stuff back? A fatal case of ethyl chloride sniffing |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s41935-019-0136-4 |journal=Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=29 |doi=10.1186/s41935-019-0136-4 |issn=2090-5939}}</ref> and <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Masakazu |first=O. Y. A. |last2=Yoichi |first2=Mitsukuni |date=2004 |title=A Fatal Case of Ethyl Chloride Sniffing Using Head-Cleaning Spray |url=https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390572174770178560 |journal=山梨医科学雑誌 |language=en |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=117–121 |doi=10.34429/00002896}}</ref>. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Inhalants]] | [[Category:Inhalants]] | ||