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Poppers: Difference between revisions
added medical cases of eye issues to incidents section
(Added notes about eye damage) Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
(added medical cases of eye issues to incidents section) Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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In some individuals or in high doses, poppers can cause vomiting, methemoglobinemia, hypoxemia, reduced oxygen level in the blood, and unconsciousness<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Barry |first=Katherine |last2=McAteer |first2=Kristina E. |date=2023-04-03 |title=Syncope and Methemoglobinemia Preceded by Amyl Nitrite 'Popper' Inhalation |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36989098/ |journal=Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) |volume=106 |issue=3 |pages=49–51 |issn=2327-2228 |pmid=36989098}}</ref> which can persist for an extended time even after popper use is stopped.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Olazagasti |first=Coral |last2=Paralkar |first2=Janvi |last3=Vishnevetsky |first3=Michael |last4=Chakravarti |first4=Aloke |last5=Sulica |first5=Roxana |last6=Favila |first6=Kristine |date=2016-10 |title=Poppers Not Only Make You High: A Rare Case of Amyl Nitrate-Induced Hypoxia |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.1216 |journal=Chest |volume=150 |issue=4 |pages=1108A |doi=10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.1216 |issn=0012-3692}}</ref> | In some individuals or in high doses, poppers can cause vomiting, methemoglobinemia, hypoxemia, reduced oxygen level in the blood, and unconsciousness<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Barry |first=Katherine |last2=McAteer |first2=Kristina E. |date=2023-04-03 |title=Syncope and Methemoglobinemia Preceded by Amyl Nitrite 'Popper' Inhalation |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36989098/ |journal=Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) |volume=106 |issue=3 |pages=49–51 |issn=2327-2228 |pmid=36989098}}</ref> which can persist for an extended time even after popper use is stopped.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Olazagasti |first=Coral |last2=Paralkar |first2=Janvi |last3=Vishnevetsky |first3=Michael |last4=Chakravarti |first4=Aloke |last5=Sulica |first5=Roxana |last6=Favila |first6=Kristine |date=2016-10 |title=Poppers Not Only Make You High: A Rare Case of Amyl Nitrate-Induced Hypoxia |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.1216 |journal=Chest |volume=150 |issue=4 |pages=1108A |doi=10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.1216 |issn=0012-3692}}</ref> | ||
Poppers containing isopropyl nitrite can cause damage to the fovea and can cause significant visual disturbance<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rewbury |first=Rebecca |last2=Hughes |first2=Edward |last3=Purbrick |first3=Robert |last4=Prior |first4=Stephen |last5=Baron |first5=Mark |date=2017-11-01 |title=Poppers: legal highs with questionable contents? A case series of poppers maculopathy |url=https://bjo.bmj.com/content/101/11/1530 |journal=British Journal of Ophthalmology |language=en |volume=101 |issue=11 |pages=1530–1534 |doi=10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310023 |issn=0007-1161 |pmid=28396339}}</ref>. There isn't an easy way to verify if a bottle contains isopropyl nitrite without a lab since product labels may be incorrect, misleading, or missing (e.g. unlabeled brown bottle). | Poppers containing isopropyl nitrite can cause damage to the fovea and can cause significant visual disturbance<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Rewbury |first=Rebecca |last2=Hughes |first2=Edward |last3=Purbrick |first3=Robert |last4=Prior |first4=Stephen |last5=Baron |first5=Mark |date=2017-11-01 |title=Poppers: legal highs with questionable contents? A case series of poppers maculopathy |url=https://bjo.bmj.com/content/101/11/1530 |journal=British Journal of Ophthalmology |language=en |volume=101 |issue=11 |pages=1530–1534 |doi=10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310023 |issn=0007-1161 |pmid=28396339}}</ref>. There isn't an easy way to verify if a bottle contains isopropyl nitrite without a lab since product labels may be incorrect, misleading, or missing (e.g. unlabeled brown bottle). | ||
Poppers can cause chemical burns if the liquid becomes exposed to skin or sinuses. | Poppers can cause chemical burns if the liquid becomes exposed to skin or sinuses. | ||
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* 44yr old male in the ER with hypoxemia, methemoglobinemia, unresponsive, stopped heart (1995)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Edwards |first=R J |last2=Ujma |first2=J |date=1995-06 |title=Extreme methaemoglobinaemia secondary to recreational use of amyl nitrite. |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1342554/ |journal=Journal of Accident & Emergency Medicine |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=138–142 |issn=1351-0622 |pmc=1342554 |pmid=7582412}}</ref> | * 44yr old male in the ER with hypoxemia, methemoglobinemia, unresponsive, stopped heart (1995)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Edwards |first=R J |last2=Ujma |first2=J |date=1995-06 |title=Extreme methaemoglobinaemia secondary to recreational use of amyl nitrite. |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1342554/ |journal=Journal of Accident & Emergency Medicine |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=138–142 |issn=1351-0622 |pmc=1342554 |pmid=7582412}}</ref> | ||
* 34yr old male in the ER with hypoxemia and methemoglobinemia for 4 days (2012)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wong |first=Anselm |last2=Koutsogiannis |first2=Zeff |last3=Greene |first3=Shaun |last4=McIntyre |first4=Shona |date=2013-03-01 |title=A case of hemolysis and methemoglobinemia following amyl nitrite use in an individual with G6PD deficiency |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211558713000071 |journal=Journal of Acute Medicine |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=23–25 |doi=10.1016/j.jacme.2012.12.005 |issn=2211-5587}}</ref> | * 34yr old male in the ER with hypoxemia and methemoglobinemia for 4 days (2012)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wong |first=Anselm |last2=Koutsogiannis |first2=Zeff |last3=Greene |first3=Shaun |last4=McIntyre |first4=Shona |date=2013-03-01 |title=A case of hemolysis and methemoglobinemia following amyl nitrite use in an individual with G6PD deficiency |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211558713000071 |journal=Journal of Acute Medicine |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=23–25 |doi=10.1016/j.jacme.2012.12.005 |issn=2211-5587}}</ref> | ||
* 12 cases of impared vision presenting to an eye hospital (2017)<ref name=":2" /> | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||